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HTTP 1.1 vs HTTP 2.0 Performance Comparison on API Service

29 Jul , 2017 No Comments

I’ve had a complex requirement on current project, that is moving all my API services from HTTP 1.1 to HTTP 2.0. Based on the several articles online that i found after googling, it seems that HTTP 2.0 is much faster compared to HTTP 1.1, but that metrics shows browser based request only. Doesnt exactly represent my current condition, which is a native mobile application firing HTTP API request.

So in order to measure performance of both HTTP version, i install two instance of Apache Tomcat 9.0M22 which provides HTTP 1.1 and HTTP 2.0, and create a simple test unit using curl to fetch an image which located on both instance.

Here is the curl that i used to fetch image using HTTP 1.1 

curl -I http://128.199.177.158:8080/Sweet-Bites,-Greentea-Brownies-with-Cashew-Ovomaltine-banner1.png

And here is curl for HTTP 2.0

curl -I --http2 https://128.199.177.158:8443/Sweet-Bites,-Greentea-Brownies-with-Cashew-Ovomaltine-banner1.png -k

Fire my unit test for 500 times, and measure the result. Here is the complete graphic

image002

It seems that for fetching a plain image, HTTP 1.1 took less time compared to HTTP 2.0. Perhaps due to my HTTP 1.1 requests are using an insecure connection, while HTTP 2.0 enforcing an SSL connection.

Feel free to look at my code here,

https://github.com/edwin/http2test

It seems that for my case, HTTP 2.0 not yielding a better performance compared to HTTP 1.1. So i guess i’ll stick with HTTP 1.1 for a while.

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Error “Can not write a field name, expecting a value;” while Writing JSON on Spring MVC

30 Jun , 2017 No Comments

The error started since i upgraded my jackson library, somehow it never happen before. This is my full stacktrace

com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerationException: Can not write a field name, expecting a value
	com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator._reportError(JsonGenerator.java:1649)
	com.fasterxml.jackson.core.json.UTF8JsonGenerator.writeFieldName(UTF8JsonGenerator.java:186)
	com.edw.test.jackson.TestSerializer.serialize(TestSerializer.java:27)
	com.edw.test.jackson.TestSerializer.serialize(TestSerializer.java:19)
	com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.DefaultSerializerProvider.serializeValue(DefaultSerializerProvider.java:130)
	com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectWriter$Prefetch.serialize(ObjectWriter.java:1387)
	com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectWriter.writeValue(ObjectWriter.java:889)
	org.springframework.http.converter.json.AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.writeInternal(AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.java:292)
	org.springframework.http.converter.AbstractGenericHttpMessageConverter.write(AbstractGenericHttpMessageConverter.java:106)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.writeWithMessageConverters(AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.java:231)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor.handleReturnValue(RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor.java:174)
	org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite.handleReturnValue(HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite.java:81)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:113)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:827)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:738)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:967)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:901)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:970)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:861)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:846)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	org.netbeans.modules.web.monitor.server.MonitorFilter.doFilter(MonitorFilter.java:393)

Looks like this error happen on my custom json serializer, 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" p:objectMapper-ref="testObjectMapper"/>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.edw.test.jackson"/>
</beans>

And this is the content of my objectMapper java class,

package com.edw.test.jackson;

import com.edw.test.jackson.bean.Test;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.module.SimpleModule;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class TestObjectMapper extends ObjectMapper {
    public TestObjectMapper() {
        super();
        
        SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule();
        module.addSerializer(Test.class, new TestSerializer());
        registerModule(module);
        configure(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT, false);
    }
}

And as you can see, the main culprit is on class TestSerializer

package com.edw.test.jackson;

import com.edw.test.jackson.bean.Test;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider;
import java.io.IOException;

public class TestSerializer extends JsonSerializer<Test> {

    @Override
    public void serialize(Test t, JsonGenerator jgen, SerializerProvider sp) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
        jgen.writeStartObject();
        jgen.writeRaw("{");
        jgen.writeFieldName("test01");
        jgen.writeRaw(t.getTest01());
        jgen.writeFieldName("test02");
        jgen.writeRaw(t.getTest02());
        jgen.writeRaw("}");
        jgen.writeEndObject();
    }
}

replacing writeFieldName method with writeRaw method solve my problem.

package com.edw.test.jackson;

import com.edw.test.jackson.bean.Test;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonSerializer;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider;
import java.io.IOException;

public class TestSerializer extends JsonSerializer<Test> {
    @Override
    public void serialize(Test t, JsonGenerator jgen, SerializerProvider sp) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
        jgen.writeStartObject();
        jgen.writeRaw("test01");
        jgen.writeRaw(t.getTest01());
        jgen.writeRaw("test02");
        jgen.writeRaw(t.getTest02());
        jgen.writeEndObject();
    }
}

Hope it helps :)

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[nginx] Replacing HTTP 302 Location URL from HTTP to HTTPS

03 Jan , 2017 No Comments

Had this weird problem today, i can login to my web if i access it directly, but unable to do it if my website is on an iframe of another web. I found out that it happen because im using SSL on both of my website (on the iframe) and the iframe parent’s website.

It actually happen because when im successfully login on my iframed-website, it will gives http 302 (Moved Temporarily) to my dashboard page. But somehow the 302 location is not an HTTPS page, it will gives a regular HTTP pages instead. Which is not a problem when im accessing my web directly, but will gives problem when accessed using an iframe website.

The solution is quite simple, using nginx “proxy_redirect” will change my 302 page from HTTP into HTTPS.

proxy_redirect http:// https://;

Hope it helps :)

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Error on Swagger 2 using Springfox – Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 1

15 Nov , 2016 No Comments

Had this very weird error, somehow it never happens before.

org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcher] in context with path [/test] threw exception [org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 1] with root cause
 java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 1
	at java.util.Collections$EmptyList.get(Collections.java:3212)
	at springfox.documentation.swagger2.mappers.ModelMapper.typeOfValue(ModelMapper.java:129)
	at springfox.documentation.swagger2.mappers.ModelMapper.mapProperties(ModelMapper.java:92)
	at springfox.documentation.swagger2.mappers.ModelMapper.mapModels(ModelMapper.java:67)
	at springfox.documentation.swagger2.mappers.ModelMapper.modelsFromApiListings(ModelMapper.java:205)
	at springfox.documentation.swagger2.mappers.ServiceModelToSwagger2MapperImpl.mapDocumentation(ServiceModelToSwagger2MapperImpl.java:50)
	at springfox.documentation.swagger2.web.Swagger2Controller.getDocumentation(Swagger2Controller.java:82)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.__invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java)

This is my pom.xml content,

		<dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.0</version>
        </dependency>

The solution is quite easy, upgrading into version 2.6.1 solve my problem.

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Using Sitemesh and Got Error 330 (net::ERR_CONTENT_DECODING_FAILED) on Google Chrome

01 Sep , 2016 No Comments

Basically i never had this error before, it become so challenging because it happen after i adding sitemesh library on my maven project. My first guess is, somehow Sitemesh have a conflicting configuration with other libraries. But i never found any reference nor article to support my theory. Even after i heavily removed several library, the error still happens.

Suddenly i have an enlightenment, after i remove my ehcache gzip compression filter. It turns out that in order to work i need to put sitemesh filter location after ehcache gzip filter.

Here is my final web.xml looks like,

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
    
    <!-- gzip -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CompressionFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>net.sf.ehcache.constructs.web.filter.GzipFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CompressionFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <!-- sitemesh -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
</web-app>
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