quarkus

Integrate Wiremock and Quarkus in Testing for Mocking API Response

There are multipe ways of testing API connectivity from one service to another, in Integration Testing we can do direct connectivity or using an external API mocking such as Microcks. But for a simple Unit Testing, we can leverage Wiremock to do this.

And in this writings, i will try to integrate Wiremock with Quarkus for Unit Testing. First, lets start with a simple Maven pom file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.edw</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-and-wiremock</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <compiler-plugin.version>3.11.0</compiler-plugin.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <skipITs>true</skipITs>
        <surefire-plugin.version>3.1.2</surefire-plugin.version>

        <quarkus.platform.artifact-id>quarkus-bom</quarkus.platform.artifact-id>
        <quarkus.platform.group-id>com.redhat.quarkus.platform</quarkus.platform.group-id>
        <quarkus.platform.version>3.2.6.SP1-redhat-00001</quarkus.platform.version>
    </properties>


    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>quarkus-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-arc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-resteasy-jackson</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-resteasy</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- external call -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-rest-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-rest-client-jackson</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Test -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
            <artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.wiremock</groupId>
            <artifactId>wiremock</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

Lets create a simple Rest API client,

package com.edw.client;

import jakarta.ws.rs.GET;
import jakarta.ws.rs.Path;
import org.eclipse.microprofile.rest.client.inject.RegisterRestClient;

import java.util.HashMap;

@Path("/")
@RegisterRestClient
public interface MockyService {
    @GET
    @Path("/")
    HashMap getDefaultMockData();
}

Its configuration file,

# default
quarkus.http.port=8080
quarkus.log.level=INFO
quarkus.log.category."com.edw".level=DEBUG
quarkus.log.category."org.apache.http".level=INFO

# disable sending anonymous statistics
quarkus.analytics.disabled=true

quarkus.rest-client."com.edw.client.MockyService".url=https://run.mocky.io/v3/99687692-4390-4ca2-816a-35c015fd72d0

And lets call it from our Controller,

package com.edw.controller;

import com.edw.client.MockyService;
import jakarta.inject.Inject;
import jakarta.ws.rs.GET;
import jakarta.ws.rs.Path;
import jakarta.ws.rs.Produces;
import jakarta.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import jakarta.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import jakarta.ws.rs.core.Response;

import java.util.HashMap;

import org.eclipse.microprofile.rest.client.inject.RestClient;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

@Path("/")
public class IndexController {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());

    @Inject
    @RestClient
    MockyService mockyService;

    @GET
    @Path("/call")
    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    public Response callExternalUrl() {
        logger.debug("calling external-service");
        return Response
                .status(200)
                .entity(mockyService.getDefaultMockData())
                .build();
    }
}

We can do some curl test by hitting the endpoint directly thru a curl command,

$ curl -kv http://localhost:8080/call
*   Trying ::1:8080...
* TCP_NODELAY set
*   Trying 127.0.0.1:8080...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 8080 (#0)
> GET /call HTTP/1.1
> Host: localhost:8080
> User-Agent: curl/7.65.0
> Accept: */*
>
* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: application/json
< content-length: 17
<
* Connection #0 to host localhost left intact
{"hello":"world"}                                   

Now, lets try to do a unit testing to simulate this external API call. We can start by setting up a Wiremock server that will mocking a specific API endpoint

package com.edw.config;

import com.github.tomakehurst.wiremock.WireMockServer;
import io.quarkus.test.common.QuarkusTestResourceLifecycleManager;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import static com.github.tomakehurst.wiremock.client.WireMock.*;

public class WiremockConfig implements QuarkusTestResourceLifecycleManager {
    private WireMockServer server;

    @Override
    public Map<String, String> start() {
        server = new WireMockServer(8082);
        server.start();
        server.stubFor(
                get(urlEqualTo("/"))
                        .willReturn(aResponse()
                                .withStatus(200)
                                .withHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")
                                .withBody("{\"hello\": \"mock\"}")));

        return new HashMap<>();
    }

    @Override
    public void stop() {
        if (server != null) {
            server.stop();
        }
    }
}

For testing, we create a new properties file which is pointint to our Wiremock server

# default
quarkus.log.level=INFO
quarkus.log.category."com.edw".level=DEBUG
quarkus.log.category."org.apache.http".level=DEBUG

# disable sending anonymous statistics
quarkus.analytics.disabled=true

quarkus.rest-client."com.edw.client.MockyService".url=http://localhost:8082

Lastly, lets create a new test case for this. Simulating a curl call to our endpoint

package com.edw.controller;

import com.edw.config.WiremockConfig;
import io.quarkus.test.common.QuarkusTestResource;
import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import static io.restassured.RestAssured.given;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.isA;

@QuarkusTest
@QuarkusTestResource(WiremockConfig.class)
public class IndexControllerTest {

    @Test
    public void testCall() {
        given()
            .when()
                .get("/call")
                .then()
            .statusCode(200)
                .body("hello", isA(String.class))
                .body("hello", equalTo("mock"))
            .log().all();
    }
}

The whole code for this post can be clone on below repository,

https://github.com/edwin/quarkus-and-wiremock

A Multi-Tenant Application using Quarkus, Flyway, and Openshift 4

According to Wikipedia, Software multitenancy is a software architecture in which a single instance of software runs on a server and serves multiple tenants. But for this sample we are trying to create a full multi-tenancy software, while isolating each user in a different namespace and a different database to optimize resource utilisation and make operation much easier.

The high level implementation would be like below image,

Based on above diagram, we are creating several Openshift Namespaces where we will install the same application, which is built with Quarkus, and a mysql database while having Flyway to maintain the database schema among different databases instances.

So lets start with a simple pom file,

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.edw.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-flyway</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <compiler-plugin.version>3.11.0</compiler-plugin.version>
        <maven.compiler.release>11</maven.compiler.release>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <quarkus.platform.artifact-id>quarkus-bom</quarkus.platform.artifact-id>
        <quarkus.platform.group-id>io.quarkus.platform</quarkus.platform.group-id>
        <quarkus.platform.version>3.4.1</quarkus.platform.version>
        <skipITs>true</skipITs>
        <surefire-plugin.version>3.1.2</surefire-plugin.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>${quarkus.platform.artifact-id}</artifactId>
                <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-arc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-resteasy-jackson</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-resteasy</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate ORM specific dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-hibernate-orm-panache</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-hibernate-orm</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Flyway specific dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-flyway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Flyway MariaDB/MySQL specific dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.flywaydb</groupId>
            <artifactId>flyway-mysql</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JDBC driver dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-jdbc-mysql</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- monitoring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-smallrye-health</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
            <artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>quarkus-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
                <extensions>true</extensions>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>build</goal>
                            <goal>generate-code</goal>
                            <goal>generate-code-tests</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${compiler-plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <compilerArgs>
                        <arg>-parameters</arg>
                    </compilerArgs>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <systemPropertyVariables>
                        <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                        <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
                    </systemPropertyVariables>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>integration-test</goal>
                            <goal>verify</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <systemPropertyVariables>
                                <native.image.path>${project.build.directory}/${project.build.finalName}-runner</native.image.path>
                                <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                                <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
                            </systemPropertyVariables>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>native</id>
            <activation>
                <property>
                    <name>native</name>
                </property>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <skipITs>false</skipITs>
                <quarkus.package.type>native</quarkus.package.type>
            </properties>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

</project>

and properties file, in here we set database connection as parameterized to accomodate a multiple database integration for each tenant.

# default
quarkus.http.port=8080
quarkus.log.level=INFO
quarkus.log.category."com.edw".level=DEBUG

# disable sending anonymous statistics
quarkus.analytics.disabled=true

# datasource
quarkus.datasource.db-kind = mysql
quarkus.datasource.jdbc.max-size=20
quarkus.datasource.jdbc.min-size=2
quarkus.datasource.jdbc.initial-size=5
quarkus.datasource.jdbc.background-validation-interval=15S
quarkus.datasource.jdbc.validation-query-sql=select 1;

quarkus.datasource.username = ${DB_USER}
quarkus.datasource.password = ${DB_PASSWORD}
quarkus.datasource.jdbc.url = ${DB_URL}

# Run Flyway migrations automatically
quarkus.flyway.migrate-at-start=true
quarkus.flyway.baseline-on-migrate=true
quarkus.flyway.validate-on-migrate=true
quarkus.flyway.default-schema=db_test

after that, lets add Entity, Service, and Controller class

package com.edw.example.entity;

import io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.panache.PanacheEntityBase;
import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
import jakarta.persistence.Id;

@Entity(name = "T_STUDENT")
public class Student extends PanacheEntityBase {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String nama;
    private Integer age;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(Long id, String nama, Integer age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.nama = nama;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    // other setter and getter
}

package com.edw.example.service;

import com.edw.example.entity.Student;
import io.quarkus.panache.common.Page;
import io.quarkus.panache.common.Sort;
import jakarta.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.util.List;

@ApplicationScoped
public class StudentService {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());

    public List<Student> getAll() {
        logger.debug(String.format("getting all table result"));
        return Student.findAll(Sort.by("id", Sort.Direction.Descending))
                .page(Page.ofSize(5))
                .list();
    }
}
package com.edw.example.controller;

import com.edw.example.service.StudentService;
import jakarta.inject.Inject;
import jakarta.ws.rs.Consumes;
import jakarta.ws.rs.GET;
import jakarta.ws.rs.Path;
import jakarta.ws.rs.Produces;
import jakarta.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import jakarta.ws.rs.core.Response;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.util.HashMap;

@Path("/student")
public class StudentController {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());

    @Inject
    StudentService studentService;

    @GET
    @Path("/get-all")
    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    public Response getAll() {
        return Response
                .status(200)
                .entity(studentService.getAll())
                .build();
    }

}

Now lets go to the interesting part, and that is the Flyway configuration. First we need to create a file with the name of “V1.0.0__initial_table_t_student.sql” and put it under the “resources/db/migration” folder. This is needed to initialize database schema the first time during application initialization.

create table t_student
(
    id     bigint  auto_increment
        primary key,
    nama varchar(100)      null,
    age int null
);

And last is, a simple Dockerfile since we are going to containerized

FROM registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/openjdk-11-runtime:latest

ENV LANG='en_US.UTF-8' LANGUAGE='en_US:en'
ENV JAVA_OPTIONS="-Dquarkus.http.host=0.0.0.0 -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager"

COPY target/quarkus-app/lib/ /deployments/lib/
COPY target/quarkus-app/*.jar /deployments/
COPY target/quarkus-app/app/ /deployments/app/
COPY target/quarkus-app/quarkus/ /deployments/quarkus/

EXPOSE 8080
USER 185

ENTRYPOINT [ "java", "-jar", "/deployments/quarkus-run.jar" ]

Build our application by using mvn and containerized it

$ mvn clean package

$ docker build -t quarkus-flyway:latest .

Push this image to an Image Registry, for this example im using Openshift Internal Image Registry, and deploy it to Openshift using below YAML file using “oc apply” command.

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  name: quarkus-flyway
  namespace: company-01-ns
  labels:
    app: quarkus-flyway
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: quarkus-flyway
    spec:
      containers:
        - resources: {}
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /q/health
              port: 8080
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            timeoutSeconds: 1
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            failureThreshold: 3
          terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
          name: quarkus-flyway
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /q/health
              port: 8080
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 2
            periodSeconds: 5
            successThreshold: 1
            failureThreshold: 3
          env:
            - name: DB_USER
              value: admin
            - name: DB_PASSWORD
              value: password
            - name: DB_URL
              value: 'jdbc:mysql://mysql:3306/db_test'
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8080
              protocol: TCP
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          terminationMessagePolicy: File
          image: >-
            image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000/company-01-ns/quarkus-flyway:latest
      restartPolicy: Always
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
      securityContext: {}
      schedulerName: default-scheduler
  strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxUnavailable: 25%
      maxSurge: 25%
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  progressDeadlineSeconds: 600

This will resulted in each Namespace having their own application, and MySql database.

Code for this project can be seen on below Github repo,

https://github.com/edwin/quarkus-flyway

Quarkus, SmallRye, and Retry Mechanism

Quarkus provide a convenient library when connecting to an unreliable third party external system, and that is SmallRye Fault Tolerance. In this sample, we are trying to simulate a connection to an external website, which is reqres.in, while creating a random IOException.

Based on above scenario, we will try to retry the connection when we arent able to connect to our backend services, but retries will happen at most 4times and only on specific defined exceptions.

So lets start with a regular maven file,

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.edw</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-retry</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <skipITs>true</skipITs>
        <surefire-plugin.version>3.0.0-M7</surefire-plugin.version>
        <compiler-plugin.version>3.10.1</compiler-plugin.version>

        <!-- quarkus -->
        <quarkus.platform.artifact-id>quarkus-bom</quarkus.platform.artifact-id>
        <quarkus.platform.group-id>io.quarkus.platform</quarkus.platform.group-id>
        <quarkus.platform.version>2.16.6.Final</quarkus.platform.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>${quarkus.platform.artifact-id}</artifactId>
                <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-arc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-resteasy-jackson</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-resteasy</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-smallrye-fault-tolerance</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-rest-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
            <artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>quarkus-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
                <extensions>true</extensions>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>build</goal>
                            <goal>generate-code</goal>
                            <goal>generate-code-tests</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${compiler-plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <compilerArgs>
                        <arg>-parameters</arg>
                    </compilerArgs>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <systemPropertyVariables>
                        <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                        <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
                    </systemPropertyVariables>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>integration-test</goal>
                            <goal>verify</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <systemPropertyVariables>
                                <native.image.path>${project.build.directory}/${project.build.finalName}-runner</native.image.path>
                                <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                                <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
                            </systemPropertyVariables>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>native</id>
            <activation>
                <property>
                    <name>native</name>
                </property>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <skipITs>false</skipITs>
                <quarkus.package.type>native</quarkus.package.type>
            </properties>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

</project>

And create application.properties to put all apps configuration there

# default
quarkus.http.port=8080
quarkus.log.level=INFO
quarkus.log.category."com.edw".level=DEBUG

# rest client
com.edw.client.UserRestClient/mp-rest/url=https://reqres.in/

Next is to create a RestClient that will do a rest api call to an external 3rd party

@ApplicationScoped
@RegisterRestClient
@Path("/api")
public interface UserRestClient {
    @GET
    @Path("/users/{id}")
    Users get(@PathParam("id") Integer id);
}

And the create a Service class that will call the RestClient. In this class we are simulating an Exception randomly.

@ApplicationScoped
public class UserService {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());

    @Inject
    @RestClient
    UserRestClient userRestClient;

    public Users getUser(Integer id) throws IOException {
        Random random = new Random();
        if(random.nextBoolean()) {
            logger.debug("==== simulate random exception ====");
            throw new IOException();
        }

        return userRestClient.get(id);
    }
}

And last, is our Controller class,

@Path("/")
public class HelloWorldController {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
    @Inject
    UserService userService;

    @GET
    @Path("/")
    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    public Response index() {
        return Response
                .status(200)
                .entity(new Hello("world"))
                .build();
    }

    @GET
    @Path("/user/{id}")
    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    @Retry(maxRetries = 1, retryOn= IOException.class)
    @Fallback(fallbackMethod = "getEmptyUser")
    public Response getUser(@PathParam("id") Integer id) throws IOException {
        Users users = userService.getUser(id);
        return Response
                .status(200)
                .entity(users)
                .build();
    }

    public Response getEmptyUser(Integer id) throws IOException {
        logger.debug("==== giving default response ====");
        return Response
                .status(200)
                .entity(new Users())
                .build();
    }
}

We can run our Quarkus project by using below command,

$ mvn quarkus:dev

And do some rest api call to it, a successful response would looks like this

$ curl -kv http://localhost:8080/user/2
*   Trying ::1:8080...
* TCP_NODELAY set
*   Trying 127.0.0.1:8080...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 8080 (#0)
> GET /user/2 HTTP/1.1
> Host: localhost:8080
> User-Agent: curl/7.65.0
> Accept: */*
>
* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: application/json
< content-length: 280
<
* Connection #0 to host localhost left intact
{"data":{"id":2,"email":"janet.weaver@reqres.in","first_name":"Janet","last_name":"Weaver","avatar":"https://reqres.in/img/faces/2-image.jpg"},"support":{"url":"https://reqres.in/#support-heading","text":"To keep ReqRes free, contributions towards server costs are appreciated!"}}

while a failed one will give below response,

$ curl -kv http://localhost:8080/user/2
*   Trying ::1:8080...
* TCP_NODELAY set
*   Trying 127.0.0.1:8080...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1) port 8080 (#0)
> GET /user/2 HTTP/1.1
> Host: localhost:8080
> User-Agent: curl/7.65.0
> Accept: */*
>
* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Content-Type: application/json
< content-length: 28
<
* Connection #0 to host localhost left intact
{"data":null,"support":null} 

Code for this post can be found on below link,

https://github.com/edwin/quarkus-smallrye-retry

How to Create a Rule Engine with Drools and Quarkus

There are multiple ways of creating a rule engine, some prefer a DMN model and some like to use DRL (Drools) files. On this writing, we are trying to see how can we leverage DRL files to validate a user’s risk profile based on some variables, and run it on top of Quarkus.

So lets start with a Maven pom file,

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.edw</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-drl</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <surefire-plugin.version>3.0.0-M7</surefire-plugin.version>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <quarkus.platform.artifact-id>quarkus-bom</quarkus.platform.artifact-id>
        <quarkus.platform.group-id>io.quarkus</quarkus.platform.group-id>
        <quarkus.platform.version>2.15.3.Final</quarkus.platform.version>
        <kogito.platform.group-id>org.kie.kogito</kogito.platform.group-id>
        <kogito.platform.artifact-id>kogito-quarkus-bom</kogito.platform.artifact-id>
        <kogito.platform.version>1.24.0.Final</kogito.platform.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.antlr</groupId>
                <artifactId>antlr4-runtime</artifactId>
                <version>4.9.2</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>${quarkus.platform.artifact-id}</artifactId>
                <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${kogito.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>${kogito.platform.artifact-id}</artifactId>
                <version>${kogito.platform.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-resteasy-reactive-jackson</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.kie.kogito</groupId>
            <artifactId>kogito-quarkus-rules</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- tests -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
            <artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
......
</project>

Next is creating a Java model, this is going to be the base model for variables that are going to contribute on our rule engine.

package com.edw.model;

public class Loan {

    private Integer age;
    private Double salary;

    private String risk;

    public Loan() {
    }

    public Loan(Integer age, Double salary, String risk) {
        this.age = age;
        this.salary = salary;
        this.risk = risk;
    }
	
	// other setter and getter

}

After that, we need to create a Rule Unit class. The purpose of it is to bind JSON request to a Java class, which can be modified by using our Rule Engine.

package com.edw.queries;

import com.edw.model.Loan;
import org.kie.kogito.rules.DataSource;
import org.kie.kogito.rules.DataStore;
import org.kie.kogito.rules.RuleUnitData;

public class LoanUnitData  implements RuleUnitData {
    private DataStore<Loan> loan;

    public LoanUnitData() {
        this(DataSource.createStore());
    }

    public LoanUnitData(DataStore<Loan> loan) {
        this.loan = loan;
    }

    public DataStore<Loan> getLoan() {
        return loan;
    }

    public void setLoan(DataStore<Loan> loan) {
        this.loan = loan;
    }
}

Next is to create our DRL file where we can write our whole Rule Engine there, and please make sure that it needs to be on the same package as our RuleUnit class.

package com.edw.queries;

unit LoanUnitData;

import com.edw.model.Loan;

rule HighRiskCustomerEverythingBelowMinimum when
   $L: /loan[age <= 20, salary <= 1000]
then
   modify($L) { setRisk("High") };
end

rule MediumRiskCustomerAgeBelowMinimum when
   $L: /loan[age <= 20, salary > 1000]
then
   modify($L) { setRisk("Medium") };
end

rule MediumRiskCustomerSalaryBelowMinimum when
   $L: /loan[age > 20, salary <= 1000]
then
   modify($L) { setRisk("Medium") };
end

rule LowRiskCustomerSalaryEverythingAboveMinimum when
   $L: /loan[age > 20, salary > 1000]
then
   modify($L) { setRisk("Low") };
end


query GetRisk
   $L: /loan
end

To validate whether our code works well or not, we can use below Unit Test

package com.edw;

import io.quarkus.test.junit.QuarkusTest;
import io.restassured.http.ContentType;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import static io.restassured.RestAssured.given;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasItem;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasItems;

@QuarkusTest
public class LoanTest {

    @Test
    public void testHighRisk() {
        given()
                .body("{\"loan\" : [{\"age\":17, \"salary\":900}]}")
                .contentType(ContentType.JSON)
                .log().all()
                .when()
                .post("/get-risk")
                .then()
                .statusCode(200).log().all()
                .body("risk", hasItem("High"));
    }
}

Or we can simply using a CURL to validate this,

$ curl  -X POST http://localhost:8080/get-risk  \
    -H 'content-type: application/json'  \
    -H 'accept: application/json'   \
    -d '{"loan" : [{"age":17, "salary":900}, {"age":39,"salary":1900.0}]}'

[{"age":39,"salary":1900.0,"risk":"Low"},{"age":17,"salary":900.0,"risk":"High"}]    

Code for this article can be found on below Git repository,

https://github.com/edwin/quarkus-drl

Have fun with Drools 🙂

How to Connect to Existing Database using Kogito BPMN and Quarkus

Kogito is a next generation business automation toolkit that originates from well known Open Source projects Drools (for business rules) and jBPM (for business processes). Kogito aims at providing another approach to business automation where the main message is to expose your business knowledge (processes, rules, decisions, predictions) in a domain specific way.

For this sample we are deploying Kogito on top of Quarkus, a lightweight Java framework, and use it to host a simple straightforward workflow for customer risk asessment and loan approval, automatically validating customers based on several variables such as Age, Salary, and whether that customer is part of Blacklisted customer or not.

First, lets start with a simple Maven pom file. This is needed to set the required libraries and frameworks for running the application.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.edw</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-bpmn</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <surefire-plugin.version>3.0.0-M7</surefire-plugin.version>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <quarkus.platform.artifact-id>quarkus-bom</quarkus.platform.artifact-id>
        <quarkus.platform.group-id>io.quarkus</quarkus.platform.group-id>
        <quarkus.platform.version>2.15.3.Final</quarkus.platform.version>
        <kogito.platform.group-id>org.kie.kogito</kogito.platform.group-id>
        <kogito.platform.artifact-id>kogito-quarkus-bom</kogito.platform.artifact-id>
        <kogito.platform.version>1.24.0.Final</kogito.platform.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.antlr</groupId>
                <artifactId>antlr4-runtime</artifactId>
                <version>4.9.2</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>${quarkus.platform.artifact-id}</artifactId>
                <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>${kogito.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>${kogito.platform.artifact-id}</artifactId>
                <version>${kogito.platform.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-resteasy-reactive-jackson</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.kie.kogito</groupId>
            <artifactId>kogito-quarkus</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hibernate ORM specific dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-hibernate-orm-panache</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-hibernate-orm</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-hibernate-validator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JDBC driver dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-jdbc-mysql</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- tests -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-junit5</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.rest-assured</groupId>
            <artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-test-h2</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
            <artifactId>quarkus-jdbc-h2</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>${quarkus.platform.group-id}</groupId>
                <artifactId>quarkus-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${quarkus.platform.version}</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>build</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <systemPropertyVariables>
                        <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                        <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
                    </systemPropertyVariables>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <id>native</id>
            <activation>
                <property>
                    <name>native</name>
                </property>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <quarkus.package.type>native</quarkus.package.type>
            </properties>
            <build>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
                        <version>${surefire-plugin.version}</version>
                        <executions>
                            <execution>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>integration-test</goal>
                                    <goal>verify</goal>
                                </goals>
                                <configuration>
                                    <systemPropertyVariables>
                                        <native.image.path>${project.build.directory}/${project.build.finalName}-runner</native.image.path>
                                        <java.util.logging.manager>org.jboss.logmanager.LogManager</java.util.logging.manager>
                                        <maven.home>${maven.home}</maven.home>
                                    </systemPropertyVariables>
                                </configuration>
                            </execution>
                        </executions>
                    </plugin>
                </plugins>
            </build>
        </profile>
    </profiles>

</project>

Next is setting up our database connections on our application.properties, and Java services class for handling queries

# default
quarkus.http.port=8080

quarkus.log.level=DEBUG
quarkus.log.console.format=%d{HH:mm:ss} [%c{3.}] (%t) %s%e%n

quarkus.application.name=Quarkus and BPMN

# datasource
quarkus.datasource.db-kind = mysql
quarkus.datasource.username = admin
quarkus.datasource.password = password
quarkus.datasource.jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_test
package com.edw.entity;

import io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.panache.PanacheEntityBase;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity(name = "T_BLACKLIST")
public class Blacklist extends PanacheEntityBase {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String name;

	// put constructor, setter and getter after this
}
package com.edw.service;

import com.edw.entity.Blacklist;

import javax.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;

@ApplicationScoped
@Transactional
public class BlacklistService {
    public Boolean isBlacklist(String name) {
        if(name == null || name.trim().isEmpty())
            return true;
        return Blacklist.find("name", name).list().size() > 0;
    }
}

Next is creating a BPMN workflow, lets name this customer-risk.bpmn2. In here, we are creating a workflow to do a sequence validation.

What we need to modify is the first Script task, in there we need to call the Java method that we were creating before in Quarkus

Next is creating a decision table for validating customer’s risk, we are using DMN for this.

which contains below Decision Table,

After we’ve done all above steps, we can start build and running our application

$ mvn clean package -s settings.xml

$ java -jar .\target\quarkus-app\quarkus-run.jar 

And can test our application by using a CURL call,

$ curl  -X POST http://localhost:8080/customer_risk  \
    -H 'content-type: application/json'  \
    -H 'accept: application/json'   \
    -d '{"name" : "Regular User", "salary":500, "age": 15}'

and it will give below result,

{
	"id":"c4fcc5eb-9aab-4c99-8620-5ff1c27be79e",
	"name":"Regular User", 
	"risk":"High",
	"salary":500,
	"age":15,
	"status":"Loan is Rejected because Customer is High Risk"
} 

Code can be accessed on below Github url,

https://github.com/edwin/quarkus-bpmn